THE FREQUENCY OF SPLENIC INJURY IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL PESHAWAR

Abstract

Introduction: Blunt abdominal trauma poses significant morbidity and mortality risks without prompt diagnosis. Its occurrence varies by region, age, and gender, with rapid deceleration or compression causing injuries to adjacent abdominal organs or vessels. This study aimed to determine the frequency of splenic injury in blunt abdominal trauma patients at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar.

Material & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital's trauma department from July 1st to December 31st, 2022. Patients with severe head injuries were excluded. Splenic injuries were diagnosed via CT abdomen with IV contrast or exploratory laparotomy. Patients underwent conservative treatment until diagnosis, with monitoring for hemodynamic instability.

Results: During the study period, 137 patients presented to the trauma department, comprising 74.5% males and 25.5% females, with a mean age of 32.5 ± 9.1 years. Falls (35.8%), assaults (26.3%), road traffic accidents (23.4%), and other causes (14.6%) were common modes of injury. Splenic injury was documented in 29.2% of patients.

Conclusion: Splenic injury is prevalent among patients presenting with blunt abdominal trauma. Further research is warranted to identify additional factors contributing to spleen injury, facilitating preventive strategies in the future.